Says Who?

NON-ATTORNEY DISCLAIMER

Applicable in All Fifty States of the United States of America

Effective as of the date of first publication and continuing thereafter

1.  CREDENTIALS AND LICENSING STATUS

The author of this website, and of every document, article, post, opinion, analysis, commentary, or other content linked to, referenced by, or published on this website, is not an attorney.  The author has never attended any law school accredited or unaccredited, in any jurisdiction, in the United States or abroad.  The author has never been licensed by any State Bar association, any territorial bar, any federal court bar, or any other licensing authority, agency, board, or body — whether governmental, quasi-governmental, or private — as an attorney, counselor-at-law, solicitor, barrister, advocate, or in any other capacity authorizing the practice of law.  The author is therefore not now, and has never been, eligible to be licensed to practice law in any jurisdiction within the United States of America.

For the avoidance of all doubt, the author further discloses that he has never portrayed an attorney in any professional, amateur, volunteer, or other dramatic, cinematic, or theatrical production of any kind — including but not limited to television programs, motion pictures, streaming media, radio broadcasts, stage productions, or community theater — nor has the author ever auditioned for any such role.  This disclosure is offered in a spirit of complete transparency, and with a measure of humor, but is no less sincere for it.

2.  NATURE OF ALL CONTENT ON THIS WEBSITE

Every opinion, interpretation, analysis, conclusion, insight, summary, commentary, or statement of any kind expressed anywhere on this website — including in any linked document, embedded content, referenced material, or associated publication — represents solely the personal opinion of the author, formed through the author’s own plain-English reading and personal understanding of the underlying source material, statute, constitutional provision, judicial decision, regulatory text, or other document to which the author refers.

Nothing contained on this website constitutes legal advice, legal counsel, a legal opinion, or any other professional legal service of any kind.  Nothing on this website creates or is intended to create an attorney-client relationship between the author and any reader, visitor, subscriber, or user of this website.  No content on this website should be relied upon as legal guidance for any specific factual situation, legal dispute, regulatory matter, or other matter requiring professional legal judgment.

3.  PLAIN-ENGLISH READING STANDARD

Every interpretive statement made on this website is grounded in the author’s plain-English reading of the cited or referenced material.  The author does not claim expertise in legal doctrine, case law methodology, statutory construction, administrative law, or any other field of law or legal practice.  Where the author expresses a view on the meaning, application, or implication of any legal text, that view reflects the author’s personal reading of that text as an informed layperson, and nothing more.

Readers are strongly encouraged to consult a licensed attorney in their jurisdiction for any matter that may have legal consequences for them personally.

4.  COUNSEL’S ADVISEMENT

The author’s licensed legal counsel has advised that the presentation of this disclaimer is necessary in order to minimize the author’s potential exposure to liability under rules and statutes governing the unauthorized practice of law (“UPL”), which are in force in all fifty states of the United States.  This disclaimer is published in compliance with that advisement and reflects the author’s good-faith intent to operate entirely within the bounds of permissible lay commentary and personal opinion.

5.  SCOPE AND UNIVERSALITY

This disclaimer applies universally and without limitation to all content published, linked, referenced, or otherwise made available through this website, regardless of the date of publication, the subject matter addressed, the jurisdiction discussed, or the source material cited.  This disclaimer is intended to be valid and operative in all fifty states of the United States of America, the District of Columbia, and all United States territories and possessions.

If any provision of this disclaimer is found to be inapplicable, unenforceable, or insufficient under the laws of any particular jurisdiction, the remaining provisions shall remain in full force and effect, and shall be construed as broadly as applicable law permits to effectuate the intent of this disclaimer.

THIS DISCLAIMER SUPERSEDES ALL PRIOR VERSIONS AND APPLIES TO ALL CONTENT ON THIS WEBSITE.

Last reviewed and confirmed: 10 April 2026